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0. L. BU-O KINGHAM. PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 487,986. Patented 1m. 13, 1892..

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PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 487,986. Patented De0. 13, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES L. BUCKINGHAM, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 487,986, dated De,ember 13, 1892. Application filed April 25, 1890. Renewed June 24,1892- Serial No. fl3'7,84=4=. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. BUCKING- HAM, a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, residing in the city, county, and State of 5 NewYork, have made a new and useful Improvement in Long-Line-PrintingTelegraphs, of which the following is a specification.

In other applications I have described and claimed, in combination withvarious tele- IO graph systems, a printing instrument in which atype-carrying device is controlled by a series of adjusters havinglimits of action collectively commensurate with the maximum movement ofthe type-carrier.

My present invention relates to theapplicationofsuchprintingmechanismtothesynchronous multiple telegraph,the adj uster-magnets at the receiving-station being controlled bybringing the corresponding branches at each station successively intoconnection with the main line.

I will now describe my invention by reference to the accompanyingdrawings.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the trans- 2 5 mitter, the unisonmechanism, and the relay and magnet arrangement of my present system.Fig. 2 is a development of the surface of the type-wheel ortype-carrier, showing those letters that are brought to position to 0 beprinted by calling the adjusting-magnets into action one at a time, twoat a time, three at a time, and four at a time, respectively. Fig. 3shows the form of printing-instrument which I prefer to use in thissystem. Fig. 4

3 5 is a unison device by which the trailing arm at thereceiving-station is kept in synchro; nism with that of the transmitter.Fig. 5 shows a second form of synchronizing motor.

Referring to Fig. 3, it is seen that the type- 0 wheel is controlled byfive adjusting-magnets 1 2 3 4 5 and that the wheel may be thrown intoany required position by the adjusters when brought into action singlyor together in any one of many possible combinations.

The adjusting-magnets control armature-levers F G H I J, the latter attheir free ends beingprovided with forks the prongs of which work withincircumferential grooves of the rods a b c d e. Rods a and d areincapable of owing to feathered bearings in supbut they maybe freelymoved ports and 0;

along their axes. Rods b, c, and e, however, are capable both of rotaryand longitudinal movement, and each of the latter is provided at eitherend with a pin, one of which plays in a straight slot in a sleeve at oneside, while the other works in a spiral groove in a second sleeve on theother side. The purpose of the straight slots and spiral grooves insleeves f g h t'j is apparent, it being understood that the sleeves arecapable only of rotation, they being collared or journaled in supportsZm n19 q, as shown. Shaft 0, upon which type-wheel t is fixed, isprovided at one end with a radial pin, which slides within the straightslot in the outer end of sleeve h, while at the opposite side of thewheel rod 7' is provided with two collars s s, which inclose.

It will now be the ends of a rack-bar 2f". seen that as the pinion 25'rotates it will move 25" and that the latter by pressing against collarss s carries the type-wheel backward and forward along its axis withoutin any manner disturbingits circumferential position. Shaft r passesaxially through rack-bar but it is held against rotation by a' guide-rodu, the latter being rigidly fixed to the bar, while it slides freely inan opening in the frame. Press-magnet P, bar 19', and platen p areactuated by a local battery B, the circuit of which is normally open.This circuit is antomatically closed after the type-wheel has been setto a position for printing once during each rotation of the trailer by acircuitcloser placed on the shaft of the driving-motor, as shown inFig. 1. Byactuating adj usting-levers F GH singly the type-wheel will berotated one, two, andfour spaces, respectively. By-actuating bar I theleft ring of the typewheel will be brought over the platen. Likewise byoperating J the right ring will be moved to the same position, while thesecond type-ring from the right end of the wheel is brought over thepress by the conjoint action of I and J. The wheel is provided With ablank spacein the type-ring second from the left end, which normallyrests over the platen. To avoid extreme movements of the typewheel, itis never rotated more than half-way in either direction. This is madepossible by arranging armature -lever H to act in a direction oppositeto that of F and G, though ICO 2 asasse the armatures might all beattracted in the same direction if the spiral groove in h wereoppositely cut, as is the groove in j with reference to the groove in'5.

For a more general descriptionof printinginstruments of this classreference may be had to my applications, Serial No. 290,449, filedNovember 10, 1888, and Serial No. 333,308, filed December 11, 1889. Myinvention herein claimed, however, is not limited to use with theparticular form of printinginstruments shown in Fig. 3. V In fact, thisimprovement is adapted to any form of printer in which a series ofadjusters are employed whose limits of action collectively arecommensurate with the maximum movement of the type-carrier.

The invention is also in part applicable to an entirely-different classof printers.

Having referred to one form of printing mechanism, I will now describethe means by which I am enabled to actuate or control the severaladjusting devices one independently of the others, whereby any one ormore of them may by currents passing over a single line be operated tothe exclusion of the others.

In Fig. 1 I have shown at the transmitting station a perforated strip ofpaper passing over a rotating conducting-drum A, which is joined to aline-battery M B through a fric- (ion-conductor. perforationsmiscellaneously placed in five rows along its length, and the lettersare represented by perforations in a transverse line across the tape.Above the tape is a series of conducting-styluses mounted upon aninsulated bar D, each stylus being electrically connected with a segmentof the circular series of contacts S, over which a trailing arm Tsweeps. The segments 3 5 2 l 4 are thus used, while for synchronizingpurposes No. 6

is joined witha branch line leading to earth G". At thereceiving-station a similar series of circularlv-arralwed contacts S anda trailing arm T are employed; but in this case segments 3 5 2 1 4 arerespectively connected with a series of selecting-relays W Y V U X andthence to earth G, while segment No.6 is here also connected to earth bya separate branch; but in this case it is provided with a battery, whichsends a synchronizing pulse over the main line every time the trailer Tmakes a revolution. It is now seen that as many pulses will be sent toline as there are perforations brought under the styluses for a lettertransmitted and that as the trailer sweeps over segments connected tostyluses below which there are no perforations currents will not besent. By this means some one or more branches at each station aresimultaneously joined to the main line and one or more selecting-relaysare brought into action to operate corresponding ones of theadjusting-magnets 3 5 2 1 4. The latter are joined by multiple brancheswith battery M. The armatures of the polarized selecting-relays all havea bias toward their back contacts, but

The paper is provided with under the influence of a momentary currentthey are moved to front contact, where they remain until returned byother and independent means. During each rotation of the trailer orduring the transmission of each letter the armatures of one or moreselectingrelays are brought to front contact, and it is thereforenecessary to employ an automatic resetting arrangement which is broughtinto action and during this period, but always after the type-wheel hasbeen set and printing effected. To this end I employ alocal circuit 41,including a resetting-coil for each selecting-relay acting in magneticopposition to the coils connected with the trailer segments. Thiscircuit is brought into action by a circuit-closer placed on themotor-shaft driving the trailer just after printing has occurred. Bothcircuit-closers are placed on the same shaft; but the one for resettingthe selecting relays is adjusted slightly behind the one for printing.As the trailer T, makes a complete rotation the armature of oneselecting-relay after another will be thrown to front contact, providingall of the styluses at the transmitter are during that period broughtincontact with drum A. Owing to the fact, however, that only one or moreapertures, as a rule, occur in a transverse row, most of the armaturesof the selecting-relays remain unaffected. WVhile T is passing oversegment 6 at the receiver the perforated transmittingstrips should bemoved from the point where the styluses leave the apertures of oneletter and fall into apertures of the next. With this arrangementbattery M B is in each case simultaneously joined with as many stylusesas there are perforations in the letter to be sent; but these stylusesare only connected to the line one at a time as the trailer rotates. Itis obvious that the transmitting-styluses might be set diagonally acrossthe transmitting-paper, one in advance of another, so as to come incontact successively with drum A, or the perforations for a letter mightbe cut in diagonal instead of right lines across the strip, leaving thestylus-points as shown in Fig. 1. Trailer T must be so timed as tocomplete' its movement over segments 3 5 2 1 4 while the paper is drawnover drum A the space of one perforation, and during this period all ofthe selecting-relays required for any particular letter must beactuated. It is thus seen that some of the selecting-relays are actuatedin the early part of the trailers movement long beforeprinting takesplace, and that from this fact the adjusting-magnets having the mostwork to do in setting the type-wheel may be given ample opportunity tocomplete their Work.

Insteadof using only a single pulse to set thearmature of aselecting-relay and one rotation of the trailer to transmit a letter,the trailer might make many revolutions for each letter, thus sendingthrough each of its coils a succession of pulses.

' In effecting synchronism, as already stated,

Ioc q I employ branches attached to the No. 6 segments, the one at thereceiving-station containing a battery, by means of which a pulse issent over the main line once during each rotation of the trailer. Thesepulses at the transmitting end pass through a differential relay D M andattract an armature, thereby closing alocal circuit through thearmature-coils of an electro-magnetic motor. If the instruments at thetwo stations are in exact unison,

owing to-the construction of the synchroni'z-' ing-motor, no effect isproduced. When, however, the motor is running either too fast or tooslow, these local circuits will set up a retarding or an acceleratinginfluence, as occasion requires. At each station the trailing arm isdriven by a uniformly-moving motor, preferably a magnetic motor, and thetwo are adjusted to run together as nearly as possible.

Upon the same shaft with the main motor at the transmitting-station isplaced the rotating armature of a second or correcting motor, as shownin Figs. 1, 4, and 5. For con venience of illustration the field-magnetsof the auxiliary motor are extensions of the others, though the two maybe made separate. In Fig. 5 a ring is shown, the upper half of which isof iron, while the remainder is of non-magnetic material. If at themoment localcircuit 50 is closed the armature is in the position hereshown, the current from battery I) owing through brushes 4 8', rings p0, and winding :0 m y, will exert no effect; but if it is either inadvance or behind this position the current from b will exert a strongcorrecting efiect. To regulate the force of this battery, I may use arheostat R. With such a motor the corrective influence ofcorrecting-pulses is exerted through a long range of movement and over aspace of about one-half of the armatures rotation. This armature isrigidly geared to the shaft of the trailer at the transmitting-station,and it should occupy the position shown in Fig. 5, while the trailers atboth stations are on the No. 6 segments. In Fig. 4 I have shown adifferent type of motor. The continuous winding is broken at thelowerpart of the ring and is joined from point to point with the segments ofan ordinary Gram me commutator. One segment q of this commutator isprolonged, as shown, making connectionwith a metallic ring 0, upon whichrests abrush s. The brush n bears upon the sectional commutator p It,now, the local circuit 50 is closed by relay D M, obviously while thearmature of the motor is in the position here shown no current will flowthrough its coils; but if the armature be running either fast or slowcurrents will pass through coils in a direction either to retard oraccelerate its motion, and the further from adjustment the armature maybe the more coils will it pass through, and consequently the greaterwill be the correcting effect. In effecting adj ustment by this device astrong correcting efiect is produced only when the armature is far froma point of unison, and as this distance decreases the correcting forceis correspondingly diminished. When, therefore, the motor has reached aposition of adjustment, the correcting force is ml, and there is notendency to throw it out of adjustment in the other direction, as mightbe the casein the form shown in Fig. 5 and in all other synchronizingdevices with which I am acquainted.

w from the transmitting-station the relay must be given a duplexcharacter. In other words, it must be so made that it will not respondto outgoing currents from the transmitting-station. To this end theordinary differential relay or bridge arrangement with an artificialline may be employed. 'A complete circuit from the receiving-station isalways formed, for if the branches at the transmitting end are broken bythe paper strip a path is found through the artificial line to the earthG" In this case an additional resistance is encountered. The currentthus reduced, however, acts upon relay D M through the two coils insteadof one.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- I j 1. In anautomatic printing-telegraph, the combination of a multiple synchronoussystem, a strip of paper 'inwhich the characters are perforated intransverse lines, a series of styluses, respectively, connected withsegments of a circular series of contacts, a receiving-instrument, acorresponding series of segments at the receiving-station, a series ofselecting-relays, a printing-instrument, and a series of adjusters whoselimits of action collectively are commensurate with the maximum movementof the type-carrying device, substantially as described.

2. In a multiple synchronous telegraph system for operating aprinting-telegraph, the combination of a perforated strip of paper,substantially as described, a series of branches at thetransmitting-station, a main line, a series of branches at thereceiving-station,aseries of selecting-relays provided with resettingdevices, substantially as described, and a press-magnet which isautomatically brought into operation after the type-wheel has beenadjusted to a position for printing.

3. In a synchronous multiple-telegraph system for operating aprinting-telegraph, the combination, at the receiving-station, of arotating arm, a circular series of contact-segments electricallyconnected to earth, which are successively joined with the main line, aseries of selecting-relays, a motor for rotating said arm, andcircuit-closers actuated by said motor, one for controlling aresetting-circuit and the other a press mechanism, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a multiple synchronous-telegraph system for operating aprintingtelegraph, the combination of a duplex relay at thetransmitting-station for effecting synchronism, a local circuit, and asynchronizing-motor having a field-magnet, as shown, and anarmature-body formed of a segment of an iron ring, as set forth.

5. In a synchronous n1 uti ple-telegraph system for operating aprintingtelegraph, the combination, at the transmitting-station, of anactuating-motor, a synchronizing-motor, a local circuit, a duplex relayfor operating" said local circuit, a main line, a motor at the re-'ceiving-station for rotating an arm over a cir-J

